Understanding the Basics of Human Fertility
- Date: 2007-02-05 - Word Count: 676
Share This!
Fertility is the state of being fertile and capable of producing offspring. Initially the term fertility was associated only with females but with better understanding of the reproductive mechanisms and the importance of the role that men play in reproduction, it is now equally associated with men as well. Many oriental philosophies argue that reproduction is the primary motive behind existence.
Humans have a natural tendency to seek information and knowledge about whatever concerns them. And fertility is an area most of us are eager to understand since conception and childbirth are instrumental in bringing about a metamorphosis of great magnitude in women. Men also are fairly concerned about their partner's ability to conceive or their inability to do so. Understanding the basics of human fertility goes a long way in allaying any concerns that may arise in the minds of couples who want to start a family.
All humans have hormonal cycles that determine when a woman can conceive and when a man is most fertile. The female fertility cycle is usually 28 days but this may vary depending on the individual and may be more or less by a few days. The male cycle, however, is totally variable.
Female fertility
Among women, fertility is the ability to conceive and give birth to a child. The reproductive years of a woman begin when her she attains puberty with the first menstrual cycle. This usually happens around the age of thirteen and lasts till about the age of forty five. This range is only indicative and women are known to have conceived and delivered till menopause, which is the cessation of her periods.
At the time of birth, a baby girl already has four hundred thousand eggs which are immature and stored in her ovaries in small sacs called follicles. The follicles are filled with fluid that protects the immature cells. At puberty the eggs start to mature one at a time. During each menstrual cycle the ovary releases one egg (in rare cases it releases more than one) in the process called ovulation. The delicate balance of hormones released by the ovaries and the hypothalamus and pituitary in the brain dictates how the egg will develop and when it shall be released.
Ovulation sometimes happens with a small but sharp pain and the egg is released. This egg travels up the fallopian tubes and may get fertilized by a male sperm if available. Successful fertilization results in conception. If the egg is not fertilized, it bursts and breaks down within 24 hours and the proteins that it is made up off get reabsorbed by the body. The lining of the uterus that has been prepared in anticipation of the fertilized egg breaks down and is removed from the body during the menstrual period.
For women the chances of pregnancy are directly related to age. Women are most fertile in their early twenties and their fertility often starts ebbing after they reach 30. The use of fertility drugs or in-vitro fertilization can change this and it has been known that the use of these methods can result in pregnancies even at the age of 67.
Male fertility
Fertility in men is mostly about ability to make a woman pregnant. Men need to produce, and store sperm in their bodies. This stored sperm needs to then be transported outside the body into the reproductive tract of a woman.
Sperms develop in seminiferous tubules in testicles that are housed in a sac called the scrotum that is located just behind the penis. Men can produce and ejaculate sperm anytime during the month. The stock of sperms is refreshed every 72 days. This ability to produce fresh sperm lasts a lifetime till the organs are functioning properly.
However, their sexual urge and desire can dip occasionally. Scientists refer to this swing in the sexual urge as the internal cycle of men. Some studies suggest that the internal cycle of men may be related to the partner's monthly cycle.
Fertility Facts | Offers extensive articles and resources on fertility, infertility, fertility treatments, getting pregnant and pregnancy.
Humans have a natural tendency to seek information and knowledge about whatever concerns them. And fertility is an area most of us are eager to understand since conception and childbirth are instrumental in bringing about a metamorphosis of great magnitude in women. Men also are fairly concerned about their partner's ability to conceive or their inability to do so. Understanding the basics of human fertility goes a long way in allaying any concerns that may arise in the minds of couples who want to start a family.
All humans have hormonal cycles that determine when a woman can conceive and when a man is most fertile. The female fertility cycle is usually 28 days but this may vary depending on the individual and may be more or less by a few days. The male cycle, however, is totally variable.
Female fertility
Among women, fertility is the ability to conceive and give birth to a child. The reproductive years of a woman begin when her she attains puberty with the first menstrual cycle. This usually happens around the age of thirteen and lasts till about the age of forty five. This range is only indicative and women are known to have conceived and delivered till menopause, which is the cessation of her periods.
At the time of birth, a baby girl already has four hundred thousand eggs which are immature and stored in her ovaries in small sacs called follicles. The follicles are filled with fluid that protects the immature cells. At puberty the eggs start to mature one at a time. During each menstrual cycle the ovary releases one egg (in rare cases it releases more than one) in the process called ovulation. The delicate balance of hormones released by the ovaries and the hypothalamus and pituitary in the brain dictates how the egg will develop and when it shall be released.
Ovulation sometimes happens with a small but sharp pain and the egg is released. This egg travels up the fallopian tubes and may get fertilized by a male sperm if available. Successful fertilization results in conception. If the egg is not fertilized, it bursts and breaks down within 24 hours and the proteins that it is made up off get reabsorbed by the body. The lining of the uterus that has been prepared in anticipation of the fertilized egg breaks down and is removed from the body during the menstrual period.
For women the chances of pregnancy are directly related to age. Women are most fertile in their early twenties and their fertility often starts ebbing after they reach 30. The use of fertility drugs or in-vitro fertilization can change this and it has been known that the use of these methods can result in pregnancies even at the age of 67.
Male fertility
Fertility in men is mostly about ability to make a woman pregnant. Men need to produce, and store sperm in their bodies. This stored sperm needs to then be transported outside the body into the reproductive tract of a woman.
Sperms develop in seminiferous tubules in testicles that are housed in a sac called the scrotum that is located just behind the penis. Men can produce and ejaculate sperm anytime during the month. The stock of sperms is refreshed every 72 days. This ability to produce fresh sperm lasts a lifetime till the organs are functioning properly.
However, their sexual urge and desire can dip occasionally. Scientists refer to this swing in the sexual urge as the internal cycle of men. Some studies suggest that the internal cycle of men may be related to the partner's monthly cycle.
Fertility Facts | Offers extensive articles and resources on fertility, infertility, fertility treatments, getting pregnant and pregnancy.
Related Tags: human, infertility, fertility, menstrual cycle, fertile, sperms, periods
Fertility Facts | Offers extensive articles and resources on fertility, infertility, fertility treatments, getting pregnant and pregnancy. Your Article Search Directory : Find in Articles
Recent articles in this category:
- Dental Insurance For Individual Can Be Of Help At Time
Dental problem may cost one a lot of money and pain. But, practicing a reasonable care could decreas - Personal Trainer For Perfect Health
There is a general misconception that need for a fitness trainer comes for novice or from those who - Varicose Veins - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
The majority of people after thirty notice the changes that appear with the maturing. In this case t - Scenar Therapy - Self-treatment Or Healing Partnership
Do you want to learn about a device which will help you to ease your pain? If you get this kind of a - Scenar - 5 "no, Nos" Of Scenar
Are you fed up with the pain in your body? Various parts of our body seem to ache due to different r - Scenar Device - 5 Tips On Travelling With Your Scenar (skenar) Device
You might be aware of scenar which has become quite popular these days. This is actually the acronym - Scenar Therapy - How To Treat Your Pet With Scenar
There are many alternative methods of treatment that are being invented these days. Lots of people a - Your Options For The Treatment For Appendicitis
Appendicitis is considered to be a surgical illness. Due to its severe character, the treatment for - How To Choose The Right Copd Medication
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD does not have any cure. But with the help of medicines - Septic Arthritis: Infectious Agents Penetrate Joints' Spaces
Another major type of arthritis is septic arthritis, which is also known in various terms like: pyog
Most viewed articles in this category:
- Drugs - the Last Alternative for Adhd in Kids
Anyone over the age of thirty who has grown up with ADHD understands that there was not much help av - Foods To Eat To Gain Weight
Malnutrition has the same degree of problem as obesity. There are people who are too skinny, they fi - Understanding Postpartum Clothing
The same way most pregnant women dream of the day when they will begin showing for wearing maternity - Kegel Exercising for Bladder Control and Enhanced Sexual Pleasure
Kegel exercises strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor, thereby improving the urethra and/or rec - The Use Of Weight Loss Herbs
Nothing has garnered more attention in today's world than the success or failures of weight loss pro - A Simple Acid Relux Cure
Many people today are afflicted with heartburn. If they eat food that is too spicy, they get heartbu - Five Effective Household Back Pain Treatments
Back pain treatment comes in lots of forms, from exercise to pain mediction. Standard and most wides - Herbal Remedies - Can They Cure What Ails You?
You've probably heard about herbal remedies before and how they can treat a variety of health proble - Natural Relief for Tinnitus - What are your Choices
Natural Relief For Tinnitus - Alternative Options Did you know that there are an estimated 50 t - Birthing Around the World
Since ancestral times, different cultures showed off different customs and beliefs around the miracl