Basics About Motors


by Pauline Go - Date: 2006-12-18 - Word Count: 300 Share This!

An electrical motor changes electric energy to mechanical energy when electric current is passed through it. This energy conversion happens when the electric current passes through a wire loop, which is inside the motor, contained within a magnetic field. Solenoids are insulated coil of wire within a motor used to create the magnetic fields. Usually the wire is wrapped around a core which is made either from steel or iron. Solenoids are an important part of any motor and are found in all types of motors.

When electric current passes through the wire loop, a magnetic field is produced around it. The steel or iron core further helps to strengthen this magnetic field. The magnetic energy tries to move along a specific path and if the solenoid is shaped to fit this path, then the magnetic energy flows through the solenoid. The flow is normally from the center of the coil, out through one, down the sides and then path reversal takes place.

The larger the motor, larger the magnetic field produced and the power is higher. Normally there is gaps in the core and a plunger is used to fill this gap to ensure that the circuit is complete. When current flows through the coil, it attracts the plunger into the gap. This plunger in turn is attached other mechanical parts of the motor making them move. Depending on which end the plunger is attached the motor either pushes or pulls.

A point to remember is that the power of a motor is dependent on various factors like the number of coils in the wire loop, the amount of current flowing through it, the quality of steel or iron used to make the core and the end to end distance of the coil. All these factors influence the way a motor functions.


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