Sexual dysfunction is the inability of a person to have either or all the stages of the sexual act. These stages include desire, arousal, orgasm, and resolution. Sexual dysfunction is very crippling to a relationship because it prevents a partner to enjoy their sexual activity, and this can affect their relationship.

Its onset can begin at any time. Others find that their sexual dysfunction started early on in their sex life. Still, others find that it started later, after they have enjoyed a full and satisfying sex life. This can happen gradually or suddenly and complete or partial inability to enjoy the sexual life.

Sexual dysfunction can be caused by either physical or psychological problems, but it can also be brought about by both. Psychological and emotional factors can affect one's sexual function. It can be affected psychologically by depression, sexual fears, guilty feelings, and most especially trauma. Emotional strains in the relationship like marital problems and lack of communication can also affect the couples' sex life. Physical factors affecting sexual function are drugs, alcohol, medications, and nicotine. These decrease one's sexual drive. Although medications are therapeutic, it can still have a side effect when it comes to sexual function.

Experts have classified sexual dysfunction into four categories; namely:

• Sexual desire disorders wherein the problem lies in decreased libido. Low estrogen counts in women and low testosterone count in men can decrease libido. Natural factors for decreased libido are aging, pregnancy and fatigue. Medications for psychiatric conditions can also decrease one's libido.

• Sexual arousal disorders is the second category but is more damaging to one's reputation as the older terms for this were frigidity in women and impotence in men now known as erectile dysfunction. This category indicates dislike of or evasion of sexual contact. This condition is caused by medical problems such as diminished blood flow or decreased vaginal lubrication.

• Orgasm disorders can be seen in both men and women. There is a constant delay or lack of orgasm after a normal sexual stimulation period. Drugs such as SSRI antidepressants are the known causes for this disorder.

• Sexual pain disorder is seen mostly in women, and its medical name is dyspareunia (pain with intercourse) and vaginismus (involuntary muscle spasms of the vaginal walls that impede normal intercourse). This can be caused by decreased or insufficient amount of lubrication and is characterized by vaginal dryness. Decreased lubrication can be caused by unsatisfactory stimulation and excitement and can also be caused by hormonal changes such as menopause, pregnancy or breast feeding. The etiology of vaginismus, on the other hand, is unclear, but sexual trauma like rape and abuse is thought to be the primary culprit. Sexual pain disorder can also be caused by vulvodynia or vulvar vestibulitis, which is a burning pain during sexual intercourse. Etiology is also unknown.

Sexual dysfunction manifests itself in an individual's early adult years, but due to lack of knowledge or embarrassment, they seek medical attention in their late 20s to 30s. Sexual dysfunction is more prevalent in people who are abusing drugs and alcohol.

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