Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)


by Mgs.Ali Idrus - Date: 2007-05-11 - Word Count: 178 Share This!

Risk factors for GDM may be classified into two types: modifiable and unmodifiable (Dornhorst and Rossi, 1998). Risk factors over which a woman has no control include maternal age of above 25 years, ethnicity (e.g. Aboriginal Canadians, African-American, Asian, Hispanic, Indian, Native American and Pima Indians, and probably other indigenous groups), weight prior to pregnancy, parity, and personal and family history of diabetes. Risk factors which are potentially modifiable include obesity (a body mass index (BMI) more than 27 kg/m2) and further weight gain (American Diabetes Association, 2004; Jones and Stone, 1998; Ostlund, 2003; Scott, 2002). BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the height in meters squared.

Other risk factors include a prior low birth weight baby (less than 2,500 g), impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, poor diet, sedentary life style, smoking, hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors, and genetic problems (e.g. glucokinase and hepatic nuclear disorder) (Capes and Anand, 2001; Scott, 2002).

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