CCNA Certification:

What single command would double every RIP value show in the following command output?

R1#show ip protocols Routing Protocol is "rip" Sending updates every 30 seconds Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240

CCENT Certification:

You're configuring a Cisco switch and attempt to place a port into a VLAN that has not yet been created. What will happen, and what message should you expect to see?

CCNA Security Certification / CCNP ISCW Exam:

You're working in SDM to configure an Easy VPN Server. You'll have three options for authenticating your Easy VPN Clients. What are they?

CCNP Certification / BSCI Exam:

What do the following IPv4 fields have in common as they relate to IPv6?

Header Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset Header Checksum

CCNP Certification / BCMSN Exam:

What single word allows an HSRP router to take over as the Active router even if the current Active route is online?

CCNP / ONT Exam:

What headers are compressed by RTP Header Compression?

Here are the answers!

CCNA: Answer: Use the timers basic command to change RIP values. To double each value, we'd use the following command:

R1(config-router)#timers basic 60 360 360 480

CCENT: Answer: The switch will dynamically create the VLAN and send you a message indicating just that. Here's the message I received when placing a port into VLAN 500, a VLAN that did not previously exist on this switch:

SW1(config)#int fast 0/1

SW1(config-if)#switchport mode access

SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 500

% Access VLAN does not exist. Creating vlan 500

CCNA Security / ISCW Exam Answer: The choices are Pre-shared key, Digital Certificates, and Both.

CCNP BSCI Answer: None of them made the cut to IPv6 - they're IPv4-only fields.

CCNP BCMSN Answer: preempt. In the following example, R2 was not the Active router even though its priority was higher than the current Active router. After reconfiguring R2's priority statement with the preempt option, R2 becomes the Active router.

Note that may preempt now appears in the output of show standby on R2.

R2(config-if)#standby 5 priority 150 preempt

1d11h: %STANDBY-6-STATECHANGE: Ethernet0 Group 5 state Standby -> Active

R2#show standby Ethernet0 - Group 5 Local state is Active, priority 150, may preempt Hellotime 4 sec, holdtime 12 sec Next hello sent in 1.844 Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured Active router is local Standby router is 172.12.23.3 expires in 10.204 Virtual mac address is 0000.0c07.ac05 2 state changes, last state change 00:00:13

CCNP ONT Answer: RTP HC will compress RTP headers, certainly - but it will also compress IP and UDP headers.

RTP compression can result in quite a bit of overhead reduction. Consider those three headers and their size:

IP Header: 20 bytes

UDP Header: 8 bytes

RTP Header: 12 bytes

RTP HC will result in that overall header size being reduced to anywhere from 2 to 4 bytes, depending on whose documentation you're reading.

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