Selection of Dust Collection for Air Cleaning


by Oleg Tchetchel - Date: 2008-07-04 - Word Count: 568 Share This!

Canadian Air Systems Co. is a well known designer and manufacturer of industrial dust collection systems. Dust collecting equipment is available in numerous designs utilizing a number of principles and featuring wide variation in effectiveness, initial cost, operating and maintenance expense, space, arrangements and material of construction.

Factors influencing dust collection equipment selection include:

* Concentration and particle size of contaminant.

  In most dust conveying systems, usual dust range from 0.1 to 100 micron - a rather wide range of particle sizes.

* Degree of collection required.

  Evaluation will consider the need for high efficiency high cost equipment such as electrostatic precipirators; high efficiency moderate cost equipment such as fabric or wet collector units; and the lower cost primary units such as the dry centrifugal group. Degree of dust collection required can depend on plant location; compariosn of quantities of material released to atmoshere with different type of dust collectors; nature of contaminant - its salvage value or its potential as a health hazard, public nuissance or ability to damage property - and the requirements of the local or state air pollution regulations.

* Characteristics of air or gas stream.

  High temperature gas streams exceeding 180 F will prevent the use of standard cotton media in fabric collectors; presence of steam or condensation of water vapor will cause packling and plugging of air or dust packages in fabric and dry centrifugal collectors. Chemical composition can attack fabric or metal in dry collectors and cause extremely corrosive conditions when mixed with water in wet type collectors.

* Characteristics of contaminant.

  Chemical composition can cause attack on dust collector elements or corrosion in wet type dust collectors. Sticky materials like metallic buffing dust impregnated with buffing compounds can adhere to collector elements plugging dust collector passages. Linty materials such as dust from textile opener, picker and napper will adhere to certain types of collector surfaces or elements. Abrasiveness of many materials in moderate to heavy concentrations such as dust from sand blasting will cause rapid wear particularly on dry type centrifugal collectors. Particles size and shape will rule out certain collector designs. The parashute shape of particles such as "bees wings" from grain will "float" through centrifugal collectors due to their velocity of fall being slower than much smaller spherical particles of the same specific gravity. Combustible nature of many finely divided materials will influence selection of explosion proof dust collectors for such products.

* Methods of disposal.

  Methods of removal and disposal of collected materials will vary with the material, plant process, quantity involved and the collector design. Dry collectors can be unloaded continuously or in batches through dump gates, trickle valves and rotary locks to conveyors or containers. Wet collectors can be arranged for batch removal or continual ejection of dewatered material by flight conveyors or draining as a slurry. Material characteristics can influence other problems, such as packing and bridging of dry materials in dust hoppers, floating of slurry forming characteristics in wet collectors, etc.

Depenging on above factors, the following Canadian Air Systems dust collector types are used:

- Electrostatic Precipitators
- Fabric Collectors
- Intermittent-Duty Fabric Collectors
- Multiple-Section, Continuous-Duty, Automatic Fabric Collectors
- Reverse-Jet Fabric Collectors
- Reverse-Flow Collapse, Continuous-Duty Collectors
- Wet Collectors
- Chamber or Spray Tower
- Packed Towers
- Wet Centrifugal Collectors
- Wet Dynamic Precipitators
- Orifice Type Collectors
- Venturi Scrubbers
- Cyclone Dust Collectros
- High Efficiency Centrifugal Collectors
- Dry Type Dynamic Precipitators
- Louver Type Dust Collectors
- Settling Chambers
- Potable Unit Collectors
 
For additional information please refer to http://www.nis-co.com/dustcollector/Index.html.

Oleg Tchetchel
Process Engineer
Canadian Air Systems
http://www.nis-co.com/index.html
http://www.nis-co.com/scrubber/Index.html


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Chemical Physics Engineer

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